Outcrops in the banks of the Onkaparinga River at Old Noarlunga, and in coastal cliffs near Ochre Point between Moana and Maslin Bay, South Australia, provide a record of late Neoproterozoic, (including early Ediacaran) and Cenozoic sedimentation...
Outcrops in the banks of the Onkaparinga River at Old Noarlunga, and in coastal cliffs near Ochre Point between Moana and Maslin Bay, South Australia, provide a record of late Neoproterozoic, (including early Ediacaran) and Cenozoic sedimentation and tectonics in the zone of the Clarendon - Ochre Cove Fault. Although the fault is not exposed here, its existence and location can be inferred from the geomorphology of the escarpment, juxtaposition of Cenozoic sediments and bedrock, and the formation of a hanging-wall antiform and associated structures. Bedrock outcrops in the scarp zone include Neoproterozoic mud-flat redbeds of the interglacial Angepena Formation at Old Noarlunga, and the early Ediacaran deltaic ABC Range Quartzite and overlying marine shelf mudstone of the Bunyeroo Formation at Ochre Point. These formations were openly folded in the Delamerian Orogeny, and an unnamed but well-exposed northeast-trending reverse fault repeats the quartzite, juxtaposing it against the Bunyeroo Formation. The unexposed Clarendon - Ochre Cove Fault can be traced in a southwesterly direction from its Delamerian precursor shear zone near Belair to just north of Ochre Cove, where Eocene to Oligocene sediments are steeply dipping on the northwest limb of a hanging-wall antiform above this reverse fault. The Ochre Point area was tilted up by early compressive reactivation of the Clarendon - Ochre Cove Fault in the Middle Eocene, when bedrock was onlapped by fluvial sediments of the North Maslin Sand in the Willunga Embayment to the south. The uplifted area was transgressed only by later Eocene marine sediments, mainly fossiliferous calcareous siltstone of the Blanche Point Formation, in the Noarlunga Embayment to the north. Sedimentation continued into the Oligocene and Miocene in both embayments. Renewed movement of the Clarendon - Ochre Cove Fault formed the hanging-wall antiform with a very gently dipping south limb and steeply dipping northwest limb. Erosion in the Miocene to Pliocene resulted in planation of the antiform, followed by limited deposition of the Pliocene shallow marine Hallett Cove Sandstone. Early to mid-Pleistocene fluvial sedimentation of the Seaford and Ochre Cove formations followed, these units exhibiting goethitic and hematitic weathering overprints respectively. The overlying mottled and expansive clay of the Ngaltinga Formation may result from accumulation of windblown clay particles. At Old Noarlunga, a small extensional graben on the crest of the antiform filled with Ochre Cove Formation sediments. The late Cenozoic section is unaffected by the truncated unnamed reverse fault, and probably also by the blind Clarendon - Ochre Cove Fault. This section is capped with a thin calcrete layer developed in windblown calcareous silt. Two very minor displacements in the Ochre Cove – Ngaltinga contact, the extensional graben on the antiform crest, and the very gentle northerly dip of the Pleistocene succession between Ochre Point and Moana, attest to the persistence of compressive tectonic movements in the late Quaternary. Two excursion guides describe and illustrate 24 sites at Old Noarlunga and 23 sites at Ochre Point, each with features of geoscientific interest.
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