Because about 70% of Australia’s land surface is covered by transported regolith material, a major challenge facing the minerals industry is to find ways of exploring effectively and efficiently through regolith cover of various types and thickness. Regolith mapping is the basis for assisting in meeting this challenge, as it provides an initial context for planning exploration activities in regolith-dominated terrains, shows the distribution and abundance of various regolith materials available for soil surveys and geochemical sampling, helps in designing geochemical surveys and the later interpretation of their results, provides a first step to understanding landscape evolution of an area, and can be used as a powerful indicative exploration tool in itself. In this short course we will present two major regolith mapping techniques and procedures that are used by the Geological Surveys of South Australia and Western Australia as an integral part of their geological mapping programs. This presentation is accompanied by an introduction to regolith formation theory and materials; an overview of useful data sources for regolith mapping, including spectral and geophysical data; and regolith mapping exercises featuring the Gawler Craton and the Eastern Musgrave Province in South Australia and the Gascoyne Province and the Kimberley in Western Australia. A display of world-class regolith hand specimens collected from South Australian sites will also be an enlightening part of this short course.