Diamond exploration which was undertaken across practically the whole of Kangaroo Island, barring national and conservation parks and reserves, sought to test the potential of the island to contain kimberlite pipes and / or associated rock types, and to confirm historical reports that a number of small diamonds had been discovered at Old Karatta Station in 1897. Exploration work comprised extensive sampling of primary drainage channels for indicator minerals and sediment geochemical anomalies, plus limited field geological mapping, the acquisition and interpretation of regional and detailed airborne EM/magnetic and ground magnetic surveys, and shallow auger sampling of magnetic and EM targets. No kimberlitic indicator minerals or diamonds were recovered from stream sediment samples. Microprobing of indicator minerals recovered from drainage bulk sampling suggests that they have a non - commercial diamondiferous source. No other significant geochemical values were returned. The extremely low content of indicator minerals in the gravels and the lack of diamonds has served to downgrade the potential of the island for making a commercial kimberlite discovery.