A study of the Pine Creek kimberlite field was undertaken as a 2001-2002 TEISA "New Initiatives" Project aimed at increasing the potential for new mineral discoveries in South Australia. The study focused on a number of important facets of diamond exploration, in particular, elucidating the manner of indicator mineral dispersion from kimberlite sources in a specific regolith setting, and determining the characteristics of the kimberlites plus their geophysical expression and tectonic controls. A review of the literature and of drill hole samples held by PIRSA revealed the presence of five kimberlite sources at Pine Creek. Two were discovered from their indicator mineral dispersion by Stockdale Prospecting Limited in the early 1970s, and two by BHP when drilling aeromagnetic targets in the 1980s. One was identified as a result of this study. These kimberlites were investigated to define the nature of the sources of indicator mineral dispersion. The deeply weathered kimberlite outcrops were found to be significantly depleted in the amount of indicator minerals available for dispersion. Drill core and costean samples were processed and analysed for abundance of indicator minerals, trace, rare earth and whole rock geochemistry, and petrological composition. Most of the Pine Creek sources were comparable to the 'average world kimberlite'. However, the newly recognised kimberlite was found to be similar to Indian type kimberlites. A carbonatite dyke was also located. The contents of heavy mineral traps in sites of different trapping efficiency were analysed. Close to a source, there was a high concentration of indicator minerals, even in the lowest efficiency trap sites. With increasing distance from source, there was a trend towards an increase in indicator mineral abundance with increase in quality of trap site. Grain morphology was recognised as an important factor in differentiating inputs from various sources. It was shown that regolith sampling parameters such as sample type, weight and density are required to be defined and evaluated in order to optimize the search for a Pine Creek analogue. Heavy mineral analysis results showed that proximity to a source is implied by evidence such as the presence of less durable indicator minerals, high indicator mineral concentrations, the presence of fine grain sizes, and features such as leucoxene coatings and high grain angularity. Nb, Ni and Cr geochemistry was found to outline the kimberlite, but the dispersion patterns of these elements were poorly defined. On balance, though, airborne and ground magnetometer surveys could successfully locate the kimberlites. It was concluded that future exploration for diamonds would be assisted by obtaining magnetic, gravity and electromagnetic signatures at known kimberlite occurrences in South Australia. The current study supports the application of further dispersion studies in areas with different regolith environments. A kimberlite location on Eyre Peninsula is recommended for the next module of the Project.