Exploration of an extensive area lying to the north of and surrounding Strathalbyn, 40 km south-east of Adelaide, is targeting possible economic stratiform base and precious metals mineralisation hosted within the Cambrian Kanmantoo Group...
Exploration of an extensive area lying to the north of and surrounding Strathalbyn, 40 km south-east of Adelaide, is targeting possible economic stratiform base and precious metals mineralisation hosted within the Cambrian Kanmantoo Group metasediments/metavolcanics. Work commenced with a lengthy review of available geoscientific information for the region, with an emphasis on past stream sediment sampling geochemical data. An inspection and grab sampling of the rocks hosting historic old metals mines in the district identified the abandoned Strathalbyn mine environs as having the best potential for harbouring untested stratiform base metal mineralisation. Geological mapping and rock chip sampling undertaken in this area yielded very encouraging petrological and lead isotope geochemical results. A review and reprocessing of past aeromagnetic data, looking for magnetic stratal trends in the vicinity of known base metal, principally copper sulphide occurrences, reinforced Aberfoyle's evolving exploration concept of seeking to test previously inadequately explored geophysical and geochemical anomalies having what appeared to be thinly bedded quartz-gahnite meta-exhalite and banded iron formation rocks outcropping nearby. The lead isotope ratios of a number of significant Kanmantoo Trough base metal sulphide ore occurrences were shown to be homogeneous, and are consistent with a mid-Cambrian age of crystallization, while the absence of sulphur isotopic fractionation in the chalcopyrite of the region's abundant small copper occurrences was taken as evidence that these copper lodes may occupy footwall hydrothermal feeders to stratiform lead-zinc exhalative mineralisation. When considered together, the above factors seemed to enhance observed geological affinities with the Broken Hill deposit sedex ore genetic model, despite the host sediments' age difference. During December 1991, while surface prospecting for any evidence of southerly extensions to the apparently southwards-plunging Strathalbyn mine Pb-Ag lode, Aberfoyle's chief geologist Stephen Toteff discovered a 30 m wide zone of weakly gossanous garnetite that is exposed in a low cutting on the Callington Road, just east of Strathalbyn township. His further prospecting led to the nearby discovery, along strike, of a 45 m wide zone of float fragments of gossan and ferruginous quartz-gahnite-garnet rocks scattered next to the northern bank of the Strathalbyn Council sewage farm effluent ponds. Sporadic narrow eastwards-dipping outcrops of these rocks were next found, extending northwards for about 200 m before disappearing under Tertiary ferricrete cover. South of the Callington Road exposure, the zinc-mineralised zone is covered by ~10 m thickness of flat-lying Tertiary limestone. It was seen by Toteff to re-emerge in farm paddocks further south as float consisting of banded quartz-gahnite-garnet-tourmaline rocks and limonite-calcite gossans, before it passes beneath the Angas River alluvial plain. When sampled, all exposures along the 700 m strike extent of this weathered mineralised horizon were found to be very anomalous in lead, zinc, silver, gold and mercury, yielding assay value maxima of 8.3% Pb, 1.9% Zn, 12 g/t Ag, 1.8 g/t Au and 0.15 ppm Hg that correspond to the loci of best gossan development. Upon subsequent office-based inspection of the geophysical data for this location, Toteff saw that overall, the subtley-expressed mineralised zone coincides with two aligned aeromagnetic anomalies that define a 2.2 km long trend passing immediately east of Strathalbyn. The magnetic source was thought to be possible disseminated pyrrhotite and/or ilmenite within meta-exhalite or sulphidic beds. A sinistral north-northeast shear zone was later interpreted to separate the Strathalbyn mine lode from the most northerly segments of gossan belonging to this newly named Angas prospect. Examination of previous CRA Exploration regional airborne EM survey data discerned a poorly located INPUT anomaly centred just south of the Strathalbyn mine, which the Aberfoyle team surmised might represent a conductive connection between the buried mine lode and the northern end of the Angas mineralisation, across the shear zone. After formal consents had been obtained from numerous private and corporate landowners to allow unhindered access onto the ground covering the prospective Angas magnetic trend, Aberfoyle set about acquiring detailed information on the prospect's geophysics. A surveyed baseline and exploration grid were created, and several ground magnetic traverses were read to better delineate the subsurface structure. In the northern part of the prospect, an assymetric anomaly of up to 200 nT directly overlies the outcropping quartz-biotite-sericite-gahnite gossan. Magnetic data modelling indicated a steep eastwards-dipping body with depth to top of about 40 m (i.e. close to the base of the oxidation). Heading further south along the prospective zone, the magnetic response loses its assymetric peak character and also becomes progressively more subdued. Detailed geochemical soil sampling was also undertaken along 100 m spaced lines at the northern end of the prospect, between the effluent ponds and the old Victor Harbor railway line, with samples collected at 20 m closing to 10 m intervals right above the inferred mineralised horizon. Pronounced soil anomalies in lead, zinc, silver and gold were recorded over the Angas magnetic anomaly, over a 100-200 m width, with lead and zinc providing the most coherent and contrasting highs against background, while a possible elevated arsenic/gold association was noted, extending into the footwall. These trace metal anomalies narrow further to the south, to 90 m along the southernmost sampling line in Jettner's paddock. Thickening cover of Tertiary gravels and sands at the eastern ends of all of the sampling lines muted the soil Pb-Zn levels, however. A two loop ground TEM survey was carried out over the mainly alluvium-covered southern portion of the Angas prospect, from south of the Jettner residence down to the Milang Road. This survey successfully detected bedrock conductors on all three profile lines. A single good conductor was unambiguously interpreted to lie at 125-150 m depth below the northernmost survey line. This TEM feature lies close to, and almost on strike of, the peak of the magnetic ridge which crosses Jettner's southern paddock containing highly anomalous schist and gossan float. Because of the highly anomalous mercury levels accompanying base metal mineralisation in the Strathalbyn district, Aberfoyle conducted a trial survey of mercury dispersed in soil gas during April 1992. The sampling line was located along the Jettner-Croser properties' boundary fence at the southern end of the Angas prospect. Some high mercury levels, to 15 ng/l cf. background of 0.5 ng/l, were encountered, but wet soil conditions affected reading repeatability.
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