The two Lake Gregory project licences were located between the Birdsville Track and Lake Gregory, approximately 100 km north-northeast of Marree, and to the north of uranium exploration tenements held by Adavale Minerals. Regalpoint selected these...
The two Lake Gregory project licences were located between the Birdsville Track and Lake Gregory, approximately 100 km north-northeast of Marree, and to the north of uranium exploration tenements held by Adavale Minerals. Regalpoint selected these locations because of their potential for sediment-hosted uranium mineralisation to have formed and be present still at regional redox boundaries and within Cretaceous and / or Cainozoic palaeochannels. The project area covered part of an extensive curvilinear topographic depression extendng from Lake Frome in the south-east to Lake Eyre in the north-west, which is clearly evident in remote sensing imagery and is marked by a series of lakes and basinal strata consisting of lacustrine, fluvial and evaporitic sediments. The licensee's exploration model was based on a conceptual analogy with the significant Chu-Saryssu and Syrdarya uranium fields in Kazakhstan, where economic sandstone-hosted uranium deposits were discovered up to 250 km away from the inferred uranium source. Regalpoint hoped to identify and explore a similar extensive buried palaeodrainage system that had possibly drained a uranium-rich older hinterland, i.e., the granitic and metamorphic rocks of the Mount Painter Inlier, situated approximately 100 km south of the project area. Tertiary sediments have been almost completely eroded from the Lake Gregory Project area. Small remnant outliers are mapped in the south-west, but these outcrops are very thin layers on hill tops. Silcretes in the north-east of the project area are interpreted to be Tertiary in age, and are associated with sandstones, but the age of the sandstones in unclear. The major contemporary drainage feature in the project area is the Cooryanna Creek system that drains into Lake Gregory. ASTER and DTM interpretative work suggested that a significant drainage system is associated with this catchment, with over 60 km of primary channels leading into the lake. However, the lack of uraniferous source rocks exposed within the catchment suggested that uranium mineralisation was unlikely to have formed in the Cooryanna system, unless the disseminated carnotite known to be present in sandstone outcrops on Etadunna could be considered as a significant source of uranium. Field work on the two subject licences began with the acquisition during August 2008 of a detailed low-level airborne magnetic/radiometric/DEM survey with a total coverage of 20,683.5 line km, covering the entire project area. The survey was flown along east-west lines spaced 100 m apart, using a 50 m mean sensor elevation above the surface. The relevant geophysical data subsets are herewith released to open file. After the survey data was processed and gridded using a 25 m cell size into various image products, the important exercise assigned to an expert consultant, of interpreting the location, geometry and flow direction of palaeochannels within the Lake Gregory tenements using ASTER, magnetic, radiometric and DTM data, proved to be quite difficult, and the level of confidence attributable to the final interpretation was deemed to be quite low. Problems encountered included inconsistencies between datasets, and attribute variations reflecting present drainage rather than palaeodrainage. It was recommended that the flying of an airborne EM survey might produce more useful data from the buried older fluvial and other sediments. Inspection of the airborne radiometric data presented on the uranium channel image and on the normalised U squared/Th ratio image revealed that there were four clusters of anomalous uranium within the project area, three on EL 3976 and one on EL 3977, from which 25 priority targets (13 + 12 respectively) were selected for on-ground follow-up. The strongest uranium anomalies were identified in the north-east of the project area, on Etadunna Station, and are associated with mapped silcretes. These silcretes for the most part are residual silcretes forming in situ on outcropping sandstones located in topographically higher areas. A discrete, positive magnetic anomaly on EL 3976, which may coincide with a gravity anomaly, was also noted in passing by the consultant, who thought that it could possibly be a target for IOCG exploration. Therefore the available gravity data was appraised, and a 2D model was constructed across the magnetic anomaly to try to find supporting evidence to substantiate it as an IOCG target. However, it was concluded that the existing gravity data coverage is too coarse to allow for deciding whether the gravity high does indeed coincide with said magnetic anomaly. In March 2010, the 25 target uranium anomalies were inspected. Ground spectrometric survey traverses were used to assess the local background radioactivity and to locate the position of each uranium anomaly's peak. Because no clear evidence of uranium could be found in the corresponding outcropping rocks, GSA Global geologists grabbed composited chip samples of likely mineralised localities (6 + 8 respectively) and sent those samples to be assayed for 12 elements. The best uranium value returned was 112 ppm U, from the same anomaly locality (LG09 on EL 3976) which gave the highest hand-held spectrometer ground contact reading of 14,649.4 counts per second. During the field trip it was noted that most of the radioactive localities visited had surface concentrations of ferruginous deflation lag, generally interpreted to have evolved from shale due to the platy character of the fragments. The lags were both limonitic and coated with vitreous goethitic “desert varnish”. These iron oxides are likely to have captured and concentrated any uranium present in the vadose environment whilst the iron oxides were forming. In many instances, the spectrometer traverses crossed sandstone/silcrete containing very small disseminated patches of a yellow mineral, probably carnotite, associated with spectrometer U readings of typically 10 times background (i.e. >1000 cps). The yellow mineral was observed to occur interstitially in porous patches and enclaves within the sandstones (which have all undergone significant secondary cementation with opaline silica evolving to silcrete), and more rarely as a fracture infill. A number of spot checks made on the sandstone grab samples with a Innov-X X50 desktop XRF analyser, in CSA Global’s Perth office, revealed uranium contents of up to 1200 ppm U, vanadium to 600 ppm V, and elevated potassium that are associated with the yellow mineral, supporting its identification as carnotite. The radiometric anomalies seen on the U/Th image were found to match the distribution of the ferruginous material very well. Lows on the image closely match the presence of dunes, sheet sands and creek lines filled with recent alluvium. In some locations the lag is composed of coarser, more rounded material (including goethite cemented “breccias”) interpreted to be derived from more sandy precursors. The main thorium anomaly that was inspected is associated with such sandy material, and may reflect a concentration of detrital minerals such as monazite in the sands. It was expected that the analysis of groundwater would be a useful technique to help guide uranium exploration within the Lake Gregory Project. Searching of the PIRSA/DWLBC groundwater database showed that there are a number of bores distributed throughout the tenements. However, later discussions with the station owners revealed that only the deep (>600 m) artesian bores are currently in use. Older sub-artesian bores and wells shown on the DWLBC database are now long abandoned, and in a number of instances where attempts were made to locate them in the field, no evidence of these old holes could be found. During the rest of 2010, other work done on the project comprised the planning of where to drill scout drillholes, and the conduct of Native Title land access and Aboriginal heritage protection discussions with the Dieri Group. No field work could be undertaken due to the abnormally high rainfall. Etadunna Station recorded a yearly rain total of 402 mm against an average of 145 mm. Furthermore, progression of exploration activities was hindered by adverse corporate factors. The proposed initial public offering (IPO) of shares in the licensee's company failed to materialise. No field work ensued during 2011 either owing to persistent high rainfall, plus severe flooding emanating from south-western Queensland which destroyed local roads and created very poor access conditions. Instead, Regalpoint's licence-related activities involved completing the planning for additional future drillholes, conducting landholder negotiations, finalising a Native Title agreement with the Dieri Claimant Group, performing heritage clearance surveys, and formally lodging with PIRSA details of a proposed initial programme of drilling. Late in 2012 the licensee decided to let its tenure of the project area lapse, despite not having yet tested any of its drill targets. The company stated that it considered the Lake Gregory region to have only weak prospectivity for uranium mineralisation, based on its observations that the 2008 airborne radiometric survey had yielded a generally low tenor response, while the related airborne magnetic survey data showed that the majority of the project area has high magnetic intensity, which it felt probably corresponds with the presence of a shallow Archaean or pre-Neoproterozoic basement, thus diminishing the chance of finding well-developed palaeochannel sediments. This adverse view was formed even though widespread sedimentary uranium ooccurrences (including XRF assays to 668 ppm U3O8) and radiation had been documented by Adavale Resources Ltd for the Tertiary Clayton Basin within EL 3622, which was located immediately south of Regalpoint’s EL 3976.