South Australia Ludi Mining Pty Ltd (“SALM”) acquired Exploration Licence 4619 “Coward Springs” to explore for large Mesoproterozoic copper/gold/uranium deposits analogous to Olympic Dam, which is located approximately 120 km to the south. The...
South Australia Ludi Mining Pty Ltd (“SALM”) acquired Exploration Licence 4619 “Coward Springs” to explore for large Mesoproterozoic copper/gold/uranium deposits analogous to Olympic Dam, which is located approximately 120 km to the south. The licence area is situated near the interpreted northern edge of the Stuart Shelf, but the Precambrian basement geology in the area is very poorly known, and the nearest such outcrops lie some 60 km to the east. No previous exploratory drilling for deeply buried deposits of IOCGU type had been undertaken within the EL area; the nearest deep drillhole is located some 20 km south of the south-western corner of the tenement. This previous hole (Newmont SR 17/2) completed late in 1979 penetrated 1460 m of Neoproterozoic sediments beneath 40 m of Cretaceous Bulldog Shale, and did not reach the Mesoproterozoic target. But because geophysical data lately obtained from government and industry sources had suggested to SALM that potential for finding major IOCG deposits exists in this region, the company undertook a detailed review of that data, followed it up with ground gravity and IP surveying of selected gravity/magnetic anomalies, and thereby identified two high priority deep exploration targets, designated “A1” and “D1”, which were interpreted as possible Olympic Dam analogue IOCG targets lying at estimated depths of 800 m. Vertical deep diamond drill testing of the two targets commenced in December 2012 and was completed in February 2013. This drilling programme was partially funded by a Government grant that had been approved under PACE 2020 Drilling Project DPY7-01. Since the project area was known to lie within the Great Artesian Basin, rotary mud precollars sealed against the influx of artesian groundwaters were required to be drilled and constructed at each site. An artesian water supply bore was also onstructed at site A1 to provide water for diamond drilling and for the exploration camp. This bore yielded a groundwater flow of 20 l/s @ 280 kPa from the top of the Algebuckina Sandstone. As no aquifer was found to be present at site D1 by the precollar drilling, the water required for use there had to be carted from the bore at A1. On completion, the tops of both PACE exploration holes were cemented back to surface from a plug placed approximately 30 m below the base of the precollar. As there was no interest in retaining the water bore for stock use, it was cemented over its full length. Diamond drilling was done by the conventional triple tube wireline method, which achieved excellent drill core recoveries throughout each hole. No significant problems were encountered with intersecting prognosed shear zones, as the latter were rare and narrow when present. Both holes were cored at HQ3 size to ~720 m depth, and were then continued at NQ3 size to total depth. At site A1, the PACE drilling of hole CS001 revealed a thin (74 m) sequence of Mesozoic clays and sands (Bulldog Shale, Cadna Owie Formation and Algebuckina Sandstone) overlying flat-bedded Neoproterozoic sediments (Umberatana Group). The targeted Mesoproterozoic rocks were not reached, despite this hole being drilled to a total depth of 1164 m. At site D1, the Umberatana Group sediments were encountered in hole CS002 beneath just 27 m of Mesozoic Bulldog Shale. Flat-lying red/brown and grey shales, sandstone and carbonates (limestone and dolomitic limestone) extended from this depth to end-of-hole at 1167 m. Once again, the targeted Mesoproterozoic basement was not reached. At the cessation of drilling, before the holes were plugged off and abandoned, both were geophysically logged by Borehole-Wireline Pty Ltd using a Toyota Landcruiser mounted logging unit. This logging required two runs for each hole, one for the NQ section at bottom of hole (below 720 m), then the second after pulling HQ rods to allow logging of the top section. The logging time for each section was approximately 11-12 hours. As the logging unit only had 1046 useable metres of cable, the bottom of the holes below this depth could not be logged. Both drillholes were logged for gamma ray, short and deep spaced induction, short and deep focused resistivity, magnetic susceptibility and drift (azimuth and inclination) responses. The data are excellent and formation boundaries are distinctive. Graphical wireline logs are included in the PACE project final report as Appendix 7, and the digital wireline logging data have been submitted to DMITRE in las format. Formation names have been ascribed to the major Neoproterozoic units logged in the drill cores, but these are tentative and subject to revision. With regard to observed mineralisation, it is reported that in both holes rare small aggregates, fine veins and single crystals of fine pyrite and chalcopyrite are present, most commonly in limestone or greyish reduced sandstones. In hole CS002, a sinuous fine (1-2mm) sulphide vein of chalcopyrite, bornite and pyrite is present between 818.07 and 818.10 m core depth in limestone ascribed to the transition between the Yankaninna Siltstone and Tapley Hill Formation. Core through the limestone interval (815-823 m) was cut and half core samples were sent off for multi-element analysis. In view of the fact that the subject PACE drilling at Coward Springs demonstrated that the Mesoproterozoic basement might lie at around twice the depth indicated by the company's former geophysical data modelling, all drillhole and geophysical data for the region of EL 4619 are now being reviewed by SALM to establish if any Mesoproterozoic IOCG targets could potentially occur at acceptable depths.
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