A remote and largely untested area within the central Musgrave Province is being explored for possible economic buried magmatic massive copper-nickel sulphide and platinoid group element (PGE) deposits that may have formed around 1080Ma in Mesoproterozoic Giles Complex layered gabbroic-ultramafic intrusions. The surrounding Mann - Mount Woodroffe region also has good exploration potential for laterite Ni-Co, disseminated Ni-Cu sulphide, Broken Hill style base metals and kimberlitic diamond deposits. No exploration was completed by the two EL 3931 grantee joint venture partners during licence Year 1, owing to their early-resolved intent about farming out and divesting the project to a third party with the technical competence and financial and community relations capacity to more effectively perform field work there. During licence year 2, no field-based exploration activities were undertaken. PepinNini finalised the legalities of the Farm-In and Joint Venture Agreement with Rio Tinto. PepinNini undertook desktop studies, reviewed historical exploration data sets and planned future exploration activities. This included the evaluation of aeromagnetic and TEMPEST EM geophysical data sets previously flown over the area. Priority X and Z channel anomalies have been identified and are proposed to be followed up in future exploration activities. A Work Program Proposal has been submitted to APY and were awaiting approval from Traditional Owners. Work Program Clearances were scheduled for mid-October 2009. During licence year 3, PepinNini’s exploration activities have included a regional vacuum drilling program and diamond drilling program. Additional field work included work program clearance surveys, geological mapping and reconnaissance, along with petrological/geochemical investigations or diamond drill core samples. During the reporting period 1040 vacuum holes were drilled for 9120.3 m (WVC001-1040) with a majority drilled over and adjacent to the Caroline Intrusion with the remaining in the “greenfield” northern portion of the tenement. Drilling was completed on NW-SE transects with line and hole spacing between 400 – 500 m, with infill drilling conducted at 25 – 200 m drill hole spacing and line spacings of 200 -250 m. Elevated Cu and Ni values were predominantly confined to the basal sequences of the Caroline Intrusion, Infill drilling in this region confirms lateral trends in anomalous results along definable horizons within the magmatic stratigraphy. PepinNini completed 15 diamond core holes for 3550.09 m (DD09WOD001, DD10WOD002 - DD10WOD015) [6 holes were funded through the Theme 2 of the PACE Initiative DPY6-30 (Primary Industries and Resources South Australia's Plan for Accelerating Exploration) see separately indexed report ENV12177 CNO:2034930], again within the Caroline Intrusion (Sandy Knoll prospect) as follow up to vacuum drilling anomalism and in “greenfield” areas in the north of tenement (Woodroffe North prospect) targeting TEMPEST EM anomalies. Major lithologies intersected during the diamond drilling program included leuco- to mela-gabbronoritic lithologies, anorthosite and pyroxenite of the Giles Complex. No economic intersections of Ni-Cu sulphide mineralisation were intersected although the basal sequences of the Caroline Intrusion have minor elevated Ni-Cr concentrations. A variety of felsic-, intermediate- and mafic-gneisses, granites, probable metasediments and altered lithologies (calcsilicates, graphitic schists) were intersected in the Birksgate Complex. Although no economic accumulations of sulphides were intersected in any of these lithologies, the metasediments and altered lithologies may represent metamorphosed (granulite facies) lithologies associated with exhalative-type base metal systems. Fourteen drill core samples from DD10WOD002, DD10WOD007 were submitted to Mason Geoscience Pty Ltd for petrological studies. Samples from DD10WOD002 were also submitted for whole rock major- and trace-element geochemical analysis. During licence Year 4, tenement operations were undertaken by NiCul Minerals Ltd, a fully owned subsidiary of PepinNini Minerals Ltd. Exploration activities during the reporting period primarily involved a regional vacuum drilling program (146 holes for 1,084.3 m) and a single inclined diamond drill hole DD10WOD016 for 354.05 m on the Sandy Knoll prospect. In addition, planning for an orientation AEM survey using SkyTEM was undertaken and a PACE2020 grant submission was successful. The existing 1999 Tempest dataset was reprocessed by Tim Munday of CSIRO. The southwestern extension to the vacuum drilling failed to return any anomalism however two lines of infill drilling did return significant Ni-Cu results. Hole DD10WOD016, which was the last diamond hole of the programme started in 2009, intersected gabbronorite sequences and whilst contained various sulphidic horizons with elevated Ni-Cu it did not intersect significant mineralisation. Reprocessing of the Tempest dataset has highlighted the potential of the central area of EL 3931 south of Hanging Knoll as the next area for investigation as it is devoid of palaeodrainage and it contains a number of discrete conductors at depth. During licence Year 5, exploration activities included the commission and partial completion of Heritage Clearance Surveys, the completion of airborne electromagnetic surveys, and the completion of a single diamond hole. Several small airborne electromagnetic surveys, funded through the PACE 2020 Initiative: PACE Targeting PT1-19 [See separately indexed report ENV12365 CNO:2035672], were carried out over parts of the Hanging Knoll and Caroline Intrusions as part of a larger Musgraves AEM Project, with 246.2 line-km flown on 273 lines. The surveys were flown on a helicopter using the new Super?High?Moment SkyTEM508 system. The AEM surveying identified one priority multiline conductivity target within the SkyTEM Area B survey located in the eastern part of the licence. The anomaly is associated with prospective horizons within the Caroline intrusion. One diamond drill hole (DD12HKN001) was completed to a depth of 422.92 m to test a conductivity feature located on the eastern side of the Hanging Knoll mafic intrusive body. The hole was drilled with the assistance of DMITRE under the PACE co-funding program (DYP7-15) [See separately indexed report ENV12623 CNO: 2036772]. The hole intersected variable gabbro to gabbronorite lithologies. A zone of weakly sulphidic gabbroic breccia was intersected between 240 to 252 m which is likely representative of the source of the conductivity response. The sulphides occur as sparse inter-cumulate disseminations dominated by pyrrhotite. During licence Year 6, under renewed EL 5185, exploration activities included planning, heritage clearance surveying, ground electromagnetic surveying, diamond core drilling, and re?assaying of selected vacuum drill sample pulps for gold and PGE analysis. Ground electromagnetic surveying was undertaken at the Marrawah Prospect to delineate the priority multiline conductivity target identified from the SkyTEM Area?B survey during the previous period. GEM Geophysical Surveys Pty Ltd were engaged to undertake fixed loop ground electromagnetic surveying in May 2013, while NewExco Services Pty Ltd were engaged to process and model the date and propose a drill program to the test targets. A single 200 m x 300 m fixed loop transmitter, with 1.76 line-km of coverage undertaken and 126 station readings acquired. The anomaly is associated with prospective horizons within the Caroline intrusion located in the eastern part of the tenement.Two diamond drill holes with a combined total length of 393.4 m (DD13WOD017 & DD13WOD018) were completed to test the anomaly at the Marrawah Prospect. Hole DD13WOD017 intersected strongly disseminated sulphidic gabbronorite and pyroxenite lithologies with substantial accumulations of massive sulphide. The sulphides conclusively explain the source of the conductivity response. The sulphides occur as coarse pyrrhotite and pyrite with trace chalcopyrite. The second hole failed to intersect a down dip extension to the sulphide mineralisation. A review of geochemical datasets across the Caroline Intrusion to re-assess the mineral potential of the area identified the potential for strata-bound PGE mineralisation, to expand this potential 214 vacuum drill pulps were re-assayed for Au, Pt Pd. A memorandum discussing the evaluation and interpretation of the results is included within the report. During licence Year 7, exploration activities during the reporting period included desktop studies, receipt of downhole geochemical data for diamond drill core submitted during the previous reporting period, planning and execution of rehabilitation monitoring and receipt of the final technical evaluation (CSIRO) of the Ni?Cu?PGE potential of the Caroline Intrusive Complex. During November 2013, Stephen Barnes and Belinda Godel (CSIRO) inspected company drill core stored at the DMITRE core facility in Adelaide and collected 40 samples of various mafic phases intercepted within Caroline Intrusion. Through micro?analytical studies, the work aimed to quantitatively and qualitatively assess the Ni?Cu fertility of discrete mafic phases genetically related to the Giles Event with implications for regional exploration models. A final report was submitted to PepinNini Minerals in March 2014. Briefly the results summarised that the intrusion has limited potential for stratiform PGE mineralisation, but it was recognised that the area did retain the potential for 1) “contact type” PGE enriched disseminated mineralisation, and 2) “Nebo?Babel” style mineralisation in feeder dykes to the main intrusion. During licence Year 8, exploration activities during the reporting period was limited to a palaeomagnetic study and ongoing rehabilitation monitoring of diamond drill sites. In January 2015 NiCul in collaboration with CSIRO commenced a palaeomagnetic study on drill core samples from the Caroline Intrusion Complex. The main object of the study was to build on the work done by CSIRO in previous reporting periods and to see if geophysical distinctions can be made between fertile and barren phases classified by whole rock geochemistry and develop a geophysical tool that can translate this concept into mappable criteria to assist regional target generation. Using concepts derived from the study, NiCul applied them to regional TMI datasets to assist in regional target generation. No priority targets were generated within EL 5185. During licence Year 9, the final annual technical report for EL 5185, the decision was made to fully surrender the tenement due to the belief that the exploration results generated over the tenure of the licence and its predecessor (EL 3931) did not warrant further exploration.