An area located in the Worlds End detrital alluvial goldfield district of the north-eastern Mount Lofty Ranges, and centred ~20 km north-east of Burra, is being explored mainly for possible economic stratiform/replacement manganese oxide...
An area located in the Worlds End detrital alluvial goldfield district of the north-eastern Mount Lofty Ranges, and centred ~20 km north-east of Burra, is being explored mainly for possible economic stratiform/replacement manganese oxide mineralisation within dolomitic metasediments, and for buried economic epithermal/hydrothermal copper mineralisation of Burra mine type, as well as for any primary structurally-controlled hydrothermal vein style that might have been emplaced within tight fold hinges and cross-cutting faults developed in the Watervale Sandstone Member as a likely receptive host unit. The Adelaidean bedrock across more than half of the tenement is covered by shallow Recent outwash alluvium passing eastwards and downwards into older sediments of the marginal Murray Basin. Early attention by the licensee was focussed on testing the supergene manganese oxide potential of the Nuccaleena Formation along strike from known historical surface workings located near Ketchowla. To this end, 45 vertical or eastwards-inclined shallow RC drillholes totalling 651 m were completed to test this unit down to fresh bedrock at depth, adjacent to mapped surface shows of manganese mineralisation in weathered dolomite. From studies previously conducted elsewhere in the Adelaide Fold Belt it was already known that the dolomite can carry an average of 0.2% Mn in its unweathered form, as well as noteworthy anomalous copper, nickel and zinc (to a combined average 1.6%). 281 RC drill cuttings samples taken at 4 m hole depth intervals were sent for multi-element analysis, with follow-up sampling of narrower intervals where early analysis results indicated the need. Significant intercepts were made at six prospects, including 8 m @ 15.6% Mn at K1 and 1 m @ 33.6% Mn at K2. Hole K1RC001 also returned the highest elevated base metal suite values of 2 m @ 0.19% Co, 0.25% Cu, 0.31% Ni and 0.18% Zn. However, Archer expected that discovering a mineralised interval of >10 m true thickness would be required to allow for viable manganese mining to occur along the K1 fold limb. 26 of the downhole sample assay pulps were later additionally assayed for platinum and palladium, since previous explorers had reported these elements from their shallow bedrock drilling in the vicinity of Ketchowla. No results of note were obtained. 235 soil samples were collected over four grids covering the Skillogalee Dolomite, and were assayed for a suite of 61 elements including gold. No significant anomalies were detected, although silver, tellurium and cerium had some elevated values. As part of Archer's copper and gold exploration work, a total of 397 rock chip samples of interesting Adelaidean rock outcrops were collected during ground reconnaissance traverses and similarly assayed. 40 of the samples specifically addressed gold potential via laboratory tests of bulk samples that were crushed and split before being processed for assay using a variety of digests. One gold bulk sample taken from the Watervale Sandstone Member returned over 6 g/t Au and also had elevated tellurium (>8 ppm Te), contrasting with background concentrations that are typically less than detection limit (0.05 ppm). This sample came from laminated quartz veins in an area to the south of Chinamans Hat Hill, which appears to extend for a strike length of more than 1 km along a regional fold limb. In consequence of the find, Archer has applied for the grant of another exploration licence to cover this prospective ground immediately to the north of EL 4266. Extra laboratory tests were performed on two Watervale gold bulk samples to check for the so-called 'nugget effect' in multiple repeated gold assays, which is a well-recognised feature of the geology in the greater Nackara Arc region. The test results demonstrated that the effect also holds true for the Ketchowla licence area. A sample particle grind size of finer than 75 microns will clearly be necessary to more truly reflect the gold content of these rocks, but such a service is not presently available from Australian analytical laboratories. Furthermore, at present a reliable gold genetic model does not exist for the occurrences of gold mineralisation in the Nackara Arc, which appear to be remobilised from an unknown source environment into the regolith, forming enriched lateritic deposits of limited size and an erratic, unpredictable distribution, although Recent groundwater movements may have played a role in fixing their current location. During the second licence year, no additional manganese occurrence appraisal drilling was performed while, instead, metallurgical testwork progressed on determining whether an economic product could be recovered from the previous year's drill samples. Testing of a composite sample from the K1 prospect did show that an economic product can be produced by a series of upgrading techniques, when dense media separation followed by gravity concentration successfully upgraded the 17.47% Mn head sample to >35% Mn (23.21% recovery). The test work outcome also demonstrated concurrent substantial upgradings of the entrained nickel (0.258% to 0.412% Ni); cobalt (0.175% to 0.296% Co); copper (0.226% to 0.377% Cu) and zinc (0.164% to 0.277% Zn) contents in the combined coarse and fine concentrate and the middlings products. Yttrium was similarly increased from 113.2 ppm to 204 ppm Y. Additional work to outline the manganese resource in the licence area is now warranted by these results, since an economic manganese oxide product can be created as well as having a significant base metal and minor REE upside to the concentrate. In March 2011, a detailed ground gravity survey was acquired on two 50 m x 20 m grids laid out at the K1 and K9 prospects, to see if gravity could be a useful method for identifying manganese mineralisation buried under cover. 225 new stations were read. The results when correlated with known manganese enrichment showed the reverse physical effect to what had been anticipated, with the mineralisation giving a less dense signature than did the surrounding country rocks within the fold structure. Additional assaying of 253 drill samples and 78 rock chip samples was undertaken for rare earth elements and to establish the degree of anomalous trace element scavenging or independence from the presence of manganese oxides. No additional work was performed on the gold find in the Watervale Sandstone Member. It is intended that an electromagnetic survey will be used to determine sulphide presence at depth, in conjunction with trialling EM over the manganese prospects to determine its suitability as an exploration tool. No field work was done during licence Year 3. During licence Year 4, part of a multi-licence, helicopter-borne EM (REPTEM) survey was acquired on EL 4266 over parts of known manganese mineralisation occurrences. Out of a total survey coverage of 774.5 line km, 117.9 line km were flown in September-October 2012 along NE-SW flight lines 100 m or 50 m apart, using a 30 m mean sensor height above the ground surface. During licence Year 5, after processing of the survey data was finished, it was claimed that examination of he conductivity depth images generated for data layers originating from 60 m and 120 m below the ground surface could vaguely identify possible intrusive bodies that might have sourced the manganese and might also contain copper and gold. However, selective channel filtering of the close-spaced REPTEM data to try to discriminate signals arising from any buried Mn-rich rocks did not seem to work. An application for renewal of the tenement was submitted to DMITRE, and a partial relinquishment of 151 square km or ~25% of the original licence area was incurred due to a shortfall in meeting expenditure commitments. During licence Year 6, on renewed EL 5433 covering this reduced in size area from what had been held previously, Archer Exploration did no work. During licence Year 7, in October-December 2015, further reconnaissance surface geochemical sampling was undertaken in the search for possible hydrothermal gold (61 grab samples laboratory assayed). Values of up to 0.9 g/t Au were returned from ferruginous quartz veins in the north-west of the licence area. During licence Year 8, a total of 23 inclined RC holes were drilled for 570 m across the K1 and K2 prospects. Drilling at the K2 prospect aimed to define manganese to the north of the 2010 drilling program, 12 holes were drilled to confirm the conformability of the mineralisation with the stratigraphy. At K1 drilling extended the known mineralisation, and in contrast to K2, appears to be fluid emplaced with clasts of the host rock. A total of 199 drill chip samples were submitted for assay. During licence Year 9, the focus of the work on the project has been on intrusive style mineralisation along the northern boundary of the tenement. Exploration activities during this period included an aerial electromagnetic survey and RAB drilling. The aerial electromagnetic survey was flown at variable line lengths and spacings over the northeast corner of the tenement [no data was submitted with this technical report – it is reported that it was supplied with an adjoining tenement report that is yet to be made open file]. A single area of interest “Ygritte” was identified undercover. Rotary Air Blast (RAB) drilling was completed in the north-eastern corner to test the EM anomalies identified at depth, along with mineralisation below the cover. A total of 29 RAB holes for 425 m, with 32 drill chip samples submitted for multi-element geochemical analysis. Weak copper mineralisation was identified in several holes, with one hole reporting +100ppm at the southern end of the Ygritte prospect. Metallurgical testwork was carried out on a composite sample from hole K1RC1705 drilled in the previous reporting period and included gravity separation and leaching test work [see included reports]. No work was conducted during Year 10 of the project. In October 2023 subsequent licence EL 6351 underwent a partial surrender of its far western corner. The tenement now covers an area of 402 km2 after reduction. No work was undertaken on the surrendered area.
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