Grain size analysis and cross bedding data from the Pandurra Formation indicates it to be of fluvial origin, while packing and compaction of the grains suggests considerable of quartzite has been removed by erosion. Ripple marks, truncation of sandy and clay laminations, and a grain size analysis suggests the Whyalla Sandstone to be a beach deposit. Syndepositional faulting, thickness of the beach deposit and the textural inversion suggest the sandstone to have been reworked by successive transgressions and regressions. Gelifluction or periglacial mass movement processes may be the mechanism responsible for the formation of tepee-like anticlines and sand wedges. Cryostatic pressures resulting from the melting of the active and talik layers and lateral movement over the permanently frozen ground and / or clay band may result in the water-escape anticlinal structures. Tensional fractures resulting from this movement initiated ice wedges. Fluid inclusion data suggest a calcium rich, highly saline, dense brine from a deep seated source precipitated copper sulphide mineralization, on contact with less saline connate waters of the Whyalla Sandstone at the disconformable contact.