Organic geochemical analyses were carried out on 6 rock sample pyrolysis extracts from Chama 1A and 7 from Geltwood Beach 1 to determine whether the Crayfish and/or Eumeralla formations in these wells could be a source for the asphaltites and bitumens which strand along the South Australian coast. The resultant rock biomarker compound distributions were also compared with those in; - reservoir bitumens found in the Crayfish Formation at Crayfish-A 1 and in the Belfast Mudstone at Argonaut-A 1; and - oils produced from the Windemere Formation at Windemere 1 (Vic.) and from the Pebble Point Formation at Lindon 1 (Vic.). Interpretation of the new biomarker data, plus making the above comparisons, afforded the following conclusions: 1) The hopane and sterane distributions of selected carbonaceous shales, siltstones and coals reveal two organic facies within the Eumeralla Formation. Facies 1 (Chama 1A and Geltwood Beach 1) contains organic matter derived mainly from terrestrial plants which underwent extensive bacterial degradation during deposition and burial in sub-oxic peat swamp environments. Facies 2 (Geltwood Beach 1) is the result of mixed algal, bacterial and higher plant inputs into anoxic freshwater lakes.2). The waxy coastal bitumens are derived mainly from freshwater algal and bacterial material although they also display evidence of a variable subordinate higher plant input. They were deposited in a tropical lacustrine setting with a permanently stratified water column. 3) Major molecular differences between the waxy coastal bitumens and the Geltwood Beach 1 lacustrine extracts preclude any oil-source correlation. 4) Similarly the waxy coastal bitumens do not correlate with reservoir bitumens in the Crayfish Formation at Crayfish-A 1.5). The asphaltites are of marine origin, ruling out Lower Cretaceous units in the Otway Group as their possible source rocks. The Belfast Mudstone (and perhaps Tertiary marine sequences) remain to be evaluated as possible sources. 6) The reservoir bitumen found within the Belfast Mudstone at Argonaut-A 1 cannot be correlated with either the waxy coastal bitumens or the asphalt`ites.