This handbook has been compiled by officers of the Geological Survey of South Australia for the guidance of and assistance to persons interested in the search for uranium in South Australia. Acknowledgment is due to Bruce P. Webb, Geologist of the Uranium Section of the Geological Survey of South Australia, for the assembly of the information and the illustrations. Since the discovery of the Mount Painter and Radium Hill uranium deposits in the 1900s, South Australians have always maintained an interest in uranium minerals. Production, however, has been small, as the market for radium, the chief product of the early mining operations, was always strictly limited. Both radium and uranium are present in the minerals found in those deposits, but the uranium was discarded along with the other waste products from the early treatment plants which were set up only to separate the radium. In 1944, just ten years ago, uranium instead of radium became the main focus of interest as a result of the successful harnessing of atomic energy for use in war. At the conclusion of the Second World War, the possibilities of uranium for peace-time use became clearly evident. As a consequence, the South Australian Government has continued the search for and development of the State's uranium deposits with such diligence and success that uranium production on an appreciable scale will begin in 1954. It is envisaged that, within a few years, atomic energy will be running at least one good-sized electric power plant in South Australia, and others will almost certainly follow. The finding of substantial supplies of uranium ore is the key to the expanded use of atomic energy in Australia. It is hoped that this handbook will not only stimulate interest but also encourage people to participate directly in the search for this vital mineral.