The Musgrave Block is a large area of Precambrian crystalline basement situated in the north-western corner of South Australia, and extending into Western Australia and the Northern Territory. Geological mapping has revealed large areas of granulite and amphibolite facies metamorphic rocks. These are intruded by basic to ultrabasic layered norites and gabbros, younger granites, and dolerite dykes. Structurally, the area is dominated by major east-west to northeasterly trending faults and thrust zones, which have controlled the initial uplift of the exposed, deep-seated metamorphic rocks. Later reactivation of the Mann Fault and other related structures has produced two Adelaidean sediment-filled graben structures. Regional gravity and aeromagnetic data have been obtained over most of the Musgrave Block, while some more detailed geophysical exploration programmes have been undertaken in specific localities. Interpretation of the regional magnetic data has defined five main features, viz. large zones of complex magnetic relief; discrete source anomalies; linear anomalies; dislocations; and outcropping granite. The regional gravity data indicate that the Musgrave Block lies within a gravity ridge of continental significance. Gravity maxima apparently coincide with areas of maximum metamorphic grade, and these are equated to areas of maximum tectonic uplift. The region shows overall compatibility with base metal sulphide mineralization, and several host environments are specified. The area has considerable potential for detailed exploration for economic mineralization.