The Cainozoic and Quaternary sands within the Murray Basin have been the focus of recent exploration for heavy mineral sands. Exploration in the South Australian part of the Murray Basin has been dominated by Aberfoyle Resources Ltd. The best prospects outlined were Mindarie and Perponda, with inferred resources of 56 and 27 million tonnes of 2.0% heavy minerals respectively. The heavy mineral fraction was dominated by non-economic iron oxides, which record weathering and reworking of the ferruginous Karoonda Surface, within the top layers of the Pliocene Parilla Sand. Heavy mineral accumulations are currently being formed by beach and aeolian processes in the Lake Alexandrina area, but the mineral assemblage is dominated by non-economic heavy minerals including garnet, tourmaline, staurolite, andalusite and sphene sourced from nearby outcrops of Kanmantoo Group metasediments. Future exploration for mineral sands within the Murray Basin should concentrate on a greater understanding of the stratigraphic distribution of the Pliocene Parilla Sand and other geological and geomorphic factors which would have influenced the location, grade and mineral assemblage of heavy mineral sand accumulations. this may require increased target drill depth. A program of drill holes along existing roads and tracks within Danggali Conservation Park is strongly recommended.