The giant Olympic Dam deposit has a total resource of about 2 200 million tonnes grading 1.4% Cu, 0.5 kg/t U3O8, 0.5 g/t Au and 3.1 g/t Ag. Development of Olympic Dam, with current annual production of 67 000 t of copper and further expansion planned, again makes South Australia a major copper producer as in the late nineteenth century. Other important producing mines have included Kapunda, Burra, Wallaroo, Moonta, Kanmantoo and Mt Gunson. Olympic Dam is associated with Proterozoic Hiltaba Suite granite and Gawler Range Volcanics. These units are widespread on the Gawler Craton and potential for further discoveries is high. Proterozoic rocks of the Gawler Craton and Curnamona Province are also prospective for Cu-Au type mineralisation as found in the eastern Mt Isa Block, Qld, and in Tennant Creek, NT. Adelaidean and Cambrian rocks of the Adelaide Geosyncline and Stuart Shelf host numerous, widespread copper occurrences and there is good potential for discovery of further stratiform or structurally controlled deposits. There is also potential for development of low cost, heap leaching operations. The state has many gold workings, particularly in the Adelaide Geosyncline and Tarcoola regions, but total production has been small. However, Olympic Dam is a major gold resource and the potential for discovery of further Proterozoic gold-copper and gold-only deposits is considerable. Archaean terranes of the northwest Gawler Craton have recently been shown to include mafic-ultramafic suites enhancing similarities to gold bearing Archaean greenstone belts elsewhere. Across much of South Australia extensive soil and sediment cover blanketing basement rocks has hampered exploration. Airborne geophysics and drilling undertaken as part of the South Australian Exploration Initiative and Broken Hill Exploration Initiative have highlighted the prospectivity of many areas and will be a key factor in future exploration.